Networkmanager

A metric value, NetworkManager automatically sets the metric value based on the interface type. For that, NetworkManager assigns the default value of this network type to the first connection that is activated, and sets an incremented value to each other connection of the same type in the order they are activated. For example, if two Ethernet connections with a default gateway exist, NetworkManager sets a metric of 100 on the route to the default gateway of the connection that you activate first. For the second connection, NetworkManager sets 101. The following is an overview of frequently-used network types and their default metrics: Connection typeDefault metric value VPN 50 Ethernet 100 MACsec 125 InfiniBand 150 Bond 300 Team 350 VLAN 400 Bridge 425 TUN 450 Wi-Fi 600 IP tunnel 675 24.9. Configuring NetworkManager to avoid using a specific profile to provide a default gateway You can configure that NetworkManager never uses a specific profile to provide the default gateway. Follow this procedure for connection profiles that are not connected to the default gateway. Prerequisites The NetworkManager connection profile for the connection that is not connected to the default gateway exists. Procedure If the connection uses a dynamic IP configuration, configure that NetworkManager does not use this connection as the default connection for the corresponding IP type, meaning that NetworkManager will never assign the default route to it: # nmcli connection modify ipv4.never-default yes ipv6.never-default yes Note that setting ipv4.never-default and ipv6.never-default to yes, automatically removes the default gateway’s IP address for the corresponding protocol from the connection profile. Activate the connection: # nmcli connection up Verification Use the ip -4 route and ip -6 route commands to verify that RHEL does not use the network interface for the default route for the IPv4 and IPv6 protocol. 24.10. Fixing unexpected routing behavior due to multiple default gateways There are only a few scenarios, such as when using Multipath TCP, in which you require multiple default gateways on a host. In most cases, you configure only a single default gateway to avoid unexpected routing behavior or asynchronous routing issues. To route traffic to different internet providers, use policy-based routing instead of multiple default gateways. Prerequisites The host uses NetworkManager to manage network connections, which is the default. The host has multiple network interfaces. The host has multiple default gateways configured. Procedure Display the routing table: For IPv4, enter: # ip -4 routedefault via 192.0.2.1 dev enp1s0 proto static metric 101default via 198.51.100.1 dev enp7s0 proto static metric 102... For IPv6, enter: # ip -6 routedefault via 2001:db8:1::1 dev enp1s0 proto static metric 101 pref mediumdefault via 2001:db8:2::1 dev enp7s0 proto static metric 102 pref medium... Entries starting with default indicate a default route.

Using one of these flags: -c, --with-cwdOutput the current working directory -e, --with-egidOutput the egid -g, --with-gidOutput the gid -u, --with-euidOutput the euid Example output from the navencrypt-profile command:{"uid":"0","comm":"NetworkManager","cmdline":"NetworkManager –pid-file=/var/run/NetwrkManager/NetworkManager.pid","gid":"0""cwd":"/","fd0":"/dev/null","fd1":"/dev/null","fd2":"/dev/null"} Some distributions do not support euid and guid. Make sure that your profile file is correct by executing the following command to verify the expected IDs:ps -p -o euid,egid If cmdline parameters are variable, such as appending a process start timestamp to a file name, then the process profile will not match on subsequent restarts of the process because the current profile will have an updated timestamp and access will be denied by the ACL. You can mark those parameters as variable inside the profile file. For example, if the cmdline of a process is something like this:"cmdline":"NetworkManager –pid-file=/var/run/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.pid \-logfile=/var/log/NetworkManager/log-20130808152300.log" Where log-20130505122300.log is a variable cmdline parameter, before adding the process profile to the ACL, edit the process profile file and use ## to specify that a particular parameter is variable:"cmdline":"NetworkManager –pid-file=/var/run/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.pid -logfile=##" With the above configuration, the ACL will allow any value for the -logfile cmdline parameter. To enable a profile in the ACL, use the additional parameter --profile-file= when adding the rule to the ACL:$ sudo /usr/sbin/navencrypt acl --add --rule="ALLOW @mysql * /usr/sbin/mysqld" \–-profile-file=/path/to/profile/file To display the profile portion of the rules, use the --all parameter with navencrypt acl --list:$ sudo /usr/sbin/navencrypt acl --list --allType MASTER passphrase:# - Type Category Path Profile Process1 ALLOW @mysql * YES /usr/sbin/mysqldPROFILE:{"uid":"120","comm":"mysqld","cmdline":"mysqld"}

I solved the problem with a script in /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.dThis folder contains scripts that are called in alphabetical order by the network manager every time there is a change in Network status. This has the advantage (different from another solution that I saw) that your VPN is not just activated at boot/startup, but also at resume after suspend/sleep.For this to work you need a VPN connection that is already set up in your Network Manager, which I assume you have, otherwise you would not have asked the question.First Step: I followed the advice of this (German) page ( I opened and named a new script 02VPN1 sudo YOURTEXTEDITOR /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/02VPN1and wrote: #!/bin/bash VPN_CONNECTION_NAME="NAME_OF_YOUR_VPN_CONNECTION" if [ "$2" = "up" ]; then sleep "3s" nmcli con up id "${VPN_CONNECTION_NAME}" fiThe NAME_OF_YOUR_VPN_CONNECTION is the name of the connection file NAME_OF_YOUR_VPN_CONNECTION.conf that you used to set the connection up that you want to auto-connect to.The condition if [ "$2" = "up" ] means that the VPN connection is only automatically connected to when you start the network connection (your Internet Connection); once the VPN service runs, you can disable it or choose another VPN.If you only and every time want to run this VPN without the ability to disable it, you can write the script without this If-condition: #!/bin/bash VPN_CONNECTION_NAME="NAME_OF_YOUR_VPN_CONNECTION" sleep "3s" nmcli con up id "${VPN_CONNECTION_NAME}"You can only set this file up as root, so it is owned by root without you doing anything in addition. That's how it should be.Finally: Make this file executable, otherwise the script won't run. In Terminal: sudo chmod +x /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/02VPN1Second Step (DIFFERENT from the instructions in the above link;I used the advice from here: process is run by root, and root does not yet have access to the password that you use for your VPN. Do the following:Open the file NAME_OF_YOUR_VPN_CONNECTION in /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections as root. Open a Terminal and do: sudo YOURTEXTEDITOR /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/NAME_OF_YOUR_VPN_CONNECTIONa) Change the line password-flags=1 to password-flags=0b) At the bottom, add [vpn-secrets] password=PASSWORDOFYOURCONNECTIONSave and close the file.Now restart your Network Manager. Terminal: systemctl restart NetworkManagerto initialize the new settings.You should be done.I did this yesterday, and as far as I can see it works fine. No guarantees!

You can also specify whether the machine should be accessible via VNC after the installation. Note that enabling VNC also requires you to set the to . The default is . To disable it, select as module in the settings. This allows you to deselect the pattern in the settings (Section 8.15.1, “”). 8.15.4 #Important: Availability in SUSE Linux Enterprise 15 SP4 This feature is available for SUSE Linux Enterprise 15 SP4 GM via installer self-update or using the QU2 media. This category allows hardening your system with OpenSCAP security policies. The first policy that was implemented is the Security Technical Implementation Guide (STIG) by the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA). Click to the security policy. Non-compliant installation settings will be listed with the rule they violate. Some settings can be adjusted automatically by clicking . For settings that require user input, click to open the respective settings screen. Tip: Checking policy compliance during installation If you do not want to wait for the screen, but want the installer to check the settings from the beginning of the installation process, boot the system with the boot parameter YAST_SECURITY_POLICY=POLICY. To check for compliance with the DISA STIG, use YAST_SECURITY_POLICY=stig. For more information about boot parameters, refer to Chapter 7, Boot parameters. The installer does not check all rules of the profile, only those necessary for the installation or that are hard to fix afterward. To apply the remaining rules, a full SCAP remediation is performed on first boot. You can also perform a or and manually remediate the system later with OpenSCAP. For more information, refer to the articles Hardening SUSE Linux Enterprise with STIG and Hardening SUSE Linux Enterprise with OpenSCAP. 8.15.5 # This category displays the current network settings, as automatically configured after booting into the installation (see Section 8.6) or as manually configured during the installation process. By default, wicked is used for server installations and NetworkManager for desktop workloads. If you want to check or adjust the network settings, click . This takes you to the YaST module. For details, see Section 23.4, “Configuring a network connection with YaST”.Important: Support for NetworkManager SUSE only supports NetworkManager for desktop workloads with SLED or the Workstation extension. All server certifications are done with wicked as the network configuration tool, and using NetworkManager may invalidate them. NetworkManager is not supported by SUSE for server workloads. 8.15.6 # Using Kdump, you can save a dump of the kernel (in case of a crash) to analyze what went wrong. Use this dialog to enable and configure Kdump. Find detailed information at Chapter 20, Kexec and Kdump.8.15.7 # To save memory, all channels for devices currently not in use are blacklisted by default

An update after this by PeerGuardian program. WARN: No valid ASCII blocklist format line:Īs I have discovered this happens because of the many non-ASCII symbols like "¬ ® µ ¼ Ñ" and others that appears in blocklist files and that PeerGuardian cannot parse while constructing master blocklist. I have experienced this problem with "no valid ASCII format" recently too ( unzip-natspec, unzip-zstd) (optional) – for zipped blocklists (optional) – to diagnose connection problems ( femtomail-git, ssmtp-plain, dma, esmtp, ssmtp, sendmail, exim-heavy, py-mailqueued-mta, courier-mta, exim, msmtp-mta, nullmailer, opensmtpd, postfix) (optional) – to send reports ( p7zip-jinfeihan57-git, 7-zip-full, p7zip-natspec) (optional) – for 7z blocklists ( networkmanager-consolekit, networkmanager-git, networkmanager-iwd) (optional) – to whitelist newly started network interfaces ( net-tools-debian-ifconfig, net-tools-git) (optional) – to whitelist local IP addresses ( zlib-ng-compat-git, zlib-git, zlib-ng-compat) (make)( systemd-homed-containers, systemd-git, systemd-selinux) ( procps-ng-static, procps-ng-nosystemd-minimal-git, procps-ng-nosystemd, procps-ng-git) ( iptables-nosystemd-minimal-git, iptables-minimal-git, iptables-fullconenat, iptables-fullconenat-nft, iptables-git, iptables-nft) ( dbus-elogind, dbus-nosystemd-minimal-git, dbus-nosystemd, dbus-x11, dbus-selinux, dbus-xdg-docs, dbus-git) ( coreutils-hybrid-git, coreutils-hybrid, coreutils-git, coreutils-selinux) ( bash-devel-static-git, bash-git, bash-xdg, bash-devel-git)

In this tutorial we will cover different examples to configure network using ncmli command such as nmcli con reload, add ethernet connection using nmcli, add bond connection using nmcli in linux, add and configure network teaming using nmcli, configure networkmanager using nmcli, exit an existing connection with nmcli, nmcli enable dhcp, nmcli rename connection. nmcli remove static ipv4 address and much more.Understanding nmclinmcli is a command-line tool for controlling NetworkManager and reporting network status.It can be utilised as a replacement for nm-applet or other graphical clients. nmcli is used to create, display, edit, delete, activate, and deactivate network connections, as well as control and display network device status.Connections are stored in configuration filesThe NetworkManager service must be running to manage these filesCompare nm-settings with ifcfg-* directives (IPv4)nmcli con modifcfg-* fileEffectipv4.method manualBOOTPROTO=noneIPv4 address configured staticallyipv4.method autoBOOTPROTO=dhcpWill look for configuration settings from a DHCPv4 serveripv4.address "192.168.0.10/24"IPADDR=192.168.0.10PREFIX=24Set static IPv4 address, network prefixipv4.gateway 192.168.0.1GATEWAY=192.168.0.1Set IPv4 Gatewayipv4.dns 8.8.8.8DNS1=8.8.8.8Modify /etc/resolv.conf to use this nameserveripv4.dns-search example.comDOMAIN=example.comModify /etc/resolv.conf to use this domain in the search directiveipv4.ignore-auto-dns truePEERDNS=noIgnore DNS Server information from the DHCP Serverconnection.autoconnect yesONBOOT=yesAutomatically activate this connection on bootconnection.id eth0NAME=eth0The name of this connectionconnection.interface-name eth0DEVICE=eth0The connection is bound to the network interface with this name802-3-ethernet.mac-address 08:00:27:4b:7a:80HWADDR=08:00:27:4b:7a:80The connection is bound to the network interface with this MAC Addressipv4.never-default noDEFROUTE=yesNever use provided interface's gateway as default gatewayCompare nm-settings with ifcfg-* directives (IPv6)nmcli con modifcfg-* fileEffectipv6.method manualIPV6_AUTOCONF=noIPv6 is configured staticallyipv6.method autoIPV6_AUTOCONF=yesWill configure network settings using SLAAC from router advertisements.ipv6.method dhcpIPV6_AUTOCONF=noDHCPV6C=yesWill configure network settings by using DHCPv6, but not SLAACipv6 . addresses"2001:db8::a/64 2001:db8::1"IPV6ADDR=2001:db8::a/64IPV6_DEFAULTGW=2001:db8::1Sets static IPv6 Address and Gatewayipv6.dns . . .DNS0=. . .Modify /etc/resolv.conf to use this nameserveripv6.dns-search example.comDOMAIN=example.comModify /etc/resolv.conf to use to use this domain in the search directiveipv6.ignore-auto-dns trueIPV6_PEERDNS=noIgnore DNS server information from the DHCP serverconnection.autoconnect yesONBOOT=YESAutomatically activates the connection at bootconnection.id eth0NAME=eth0The name of this connectionconnection.interface-name eth0DEVICE=eth0The connection is bound to this network interface with this name802-3-ethernet.mac-address . . .HWADDR=. . .The connection is bound to the network interface with this MAC AddressBrief list of nmcli commands syntaxCommandPurposenmcli dev statusShow the Network Manager status of all network interfacesnmcli con showList all connectionsnmcli con show nameList the current settings for the connection namenmcli con add con-name name ..Add a new connection named namenmcli con mod name ..Modify the connection namenmcli con reloadTell networkManager to reread the configuration files (useful after they have been edited by hand)nmcli con up nameActivate the connection namenmcli dev dis devDeactivate and disconnect the current