Fantom opera network

What Is Sonic?Sonic is a Layer 1 EVM blockchain that offers users a smoother and faster experience through features like the Sonic Gateway, while providing developers with incentives like Fee Monetization, where they can receive up to 90% of fees generated by their app.Key Takeaways Fantom transitioned to Sonic in August 2024 as part of an upgrade to adjust the project to a new set of performance and user experience goals. The Sonic network offers improved speed, faster transaction finality, and a developer support system that rewards builders on the network. As part of the transition, the FTM token is upgradable to the Sonic token (S). FTM holders can upgrade their tokens to S through a dedicated online portal. Sonic users will also be rewarded through a ~$200 million S airdrop. This article is brought to you by Sonic.With the Fantom Opera chain, the Fantom team developed a high-performance Layer 1 network with competitive cost-effectiveness for decentralized applications and other transactions. At its peak, the Fantom Opera chain reached a TVL of over $9 billion with notable apps launching on the network. The Opera chain grew into a top blockchain network with millions of active addresses and thousands of daily transactions.However, the team is taking this to the next level by creating an even more efficient network. Fantom rebranded to Sonic in August 2024 and the Sonic network was launched in December 2024.Introducing SonicSonic is a Layer 1 EVM blockchain that offers developers attractive incentives through Fee Monetization and the Innovator Fund, along with powerful infrastructure, designed for speed, agility, and interoperability. The Sonic network will be able to process over 800 million transactions daily with a sub-one-second finality. Sonic network’s projected transaction processing speed is 10,000 transactions per second (TPS). This is about fifty times the speed recorded on

HomeContent HubGlossaryOpera Mainnet (Fantom)Introduction to Opera Mainnet (Fantom)Opera Mainnet, powered by Fantom, is a decentralized, permissionless, and open-source platform that significantly enhances user participation in blockchain operations through staking and on-chain governance. Launched in December 2019, this platform utilizes the native FTM token to facilitate platform interactions, including transaction fees, governance, and staking processes.Key features and functionalityStaking and securityStaking on the Opera Mainnet involves locking up FTM tokens to support network security and operations. This process is analogous to mining in proof-of-work systems but is designed to be more energy-efficient and accessible. Users can stake their tokens directly from their devices, contributing to the network's security and earning rewards in return.GovernanceThe governance model on Opera Mainnet is fully decentralized. Token holders have the right to propose changes and vote on various network decisions, ranging from technical updates to financial policies. This inclusive governance structure ensures that all significant changes reflect the community’s consensus.Technology and compatibilityOpera Mainnet boasts compatibility with Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), making it easy for developers to migrate Ethereum-based applications to Fantom. This feature, coupled with the aBFT (Asynchronous Byzantine Fault Tolerance) consensus mechanism, ensures that the network remains highly scalable and secure. The aBFT protocol allows for faster transactions and enhanced tolerance to node failures, maintaining robust network performance even under challenging conditions.Scalability and performanceFantom's unique Lachesis consensus mechanism, which integrates features of both PoS (Proof of Stake) and aBFT, addresses the blockchain trilemma of achieving scalability. This advanced protocol supports the high transaction throughput necessary for complex applications, making Opera Mainnet an ideal platform for developers looking to build scalable decentralized applications.Advantages of opera mainnetHigh throughput: The network can process transactions rapidly, thanks to its advanced consensus mechanism, making it suitable for high-load environments like financial services and decentralized exchanges.Reduced costs: Transaction fees on the network are minimal, facilitating microtransactions and regular day-to-day operations without substantial costs.Enhanced security: The combination of PoS and aBFT consensus mechanisms not only speeds up transactions but also enhances the network's security, making it resilient against various types of attacks.Final thoughtsOpera Mainnet stands out in the blockchain space with its innovative

Can operate on the Fantom blockchain without requiring extensive modifications or rewrites.For developers, it paves the way for a smooth transition to the Fantom network, enabling them to leverage their existing EVM-compatible smart contracts and tap into the enhanced performance of Fantom Sonic without facing a steep learning curve. This backward compatibility is a game-changer, as it bridges the gap between the well-established Ethereum ecosystem and the emerging capabilities of Fantom Sonic, allowing any of the most popular Ethereum dApps to migrate and host apps on Fantom.‍SourceA crucial aspect of the Fantom Sonic upgrade is its approach to compatibility and the transition process for existing users and developers on the Fantom network using Opera. One of the most noteworthy features of the Fantom Sonic upgrade is that it does not require a hard fork. In the blockchain world, a hard fork represents a significant change that is not backward compatible, often leading to a split in the network and the creation of two separate blockchains. By avoiding a hard fork, Fantom Sonic ensures the existing network remains intact and unified.Fantom Sonic will also offer immediate and full compatibility with Fantom Opera, allowing existing smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps) to continue operating without requiring modifications. Thus, users and developers can adopt the new features and improvements of Fantom Sonic without undergoing a complex migration process. Additionally, developers will be happy to learn that they can continue to use popular programming languages, like Solidity, even after the upgrade.Carmen Data StorageCarmen is the new StateDB storage solution introduced by Fantom Sonic. At its heart is a feature known as live pruning, a process that dynamically reduces the blockchain's historical data storage footprint. This innovation is crucial, as the ever-growing size of the ledger can lead to down-the-road inefficiencies and increased operational costs. By implementing live pruning, Carmen effectively addresses these scalability challenges, ensuring the blockchain remains lean and efficient as it grows.‍SourceLive pruning works on Fantom Sonic by splitting the database into LiveDB and ArchiveDB. The LiveDB is tasked with keeping the current state of the Fantom network, whereas the ArchiveDB contains the history of Fantom. Validators are only responsible for storing LiveDB, and archive nodes are responsible for syncing both.Thanks to this dual database design, Carmen substantially boosts the network's synchronization speeds by streamlining the storage requirements. This enhancement is vital for maintaining a high-performance blockchain network, particularly as it scales to accommodate growing transactions and users. Faster synchronization improves the network's overall performance and enhances the user experience, ensuring that transactions are processed quickly and reliably.Lachesis Consensus MechanismThe Fantom Sonic upgrade introduces significant enhancements to the Lachesis consensus mechanism, a feature that has long been central to the effectiveness of

Of decentralized applications from Ethereum and other EVM-compatible networks, such as Polygon and Binance Smart Chain. This feature enhances Fantom's appeal to users and developers alike, offering flexibility and ease of transition for developers entrenched in the Ethereum ecosystem.Fantom Sonic represents the next stage in Fantom’s evolution, replacing the Opera technology stack once officially rolled out in ~spring 2024.Upgrade to LachesisThe changes to Lachesis are focused on the transaction pool. In Lachesis, the transaction pool acts as a buffer for incoming P2P transactions by placing them in a priority queue where higher gas transactions have more priority. This was originally powered by Opera (Fantom 1.0), but Sonic has now been optimized to increase the efficiency at which transactions are processed. Sonic can handle much higher amounts of peak gas versus Opera per day (~34,000 vs. 283).‍SourceFantom Sonic Testnet PerformanceThe closed testnet phase of Fantom Sonic has been a critical step in validating the technological advancements made. Currently, on Fantom mainnet (Opera), the network averages approximately 2.5 transactions per second (TPS) with a block confirmation time of 2.7 seconds.‍SourceSo far, the Sonic open testnet has averaged a significantly improved TPS of 212 and a time to finality of 0.56 seconds. The Sonic testnet is processing an estimated 18.4 million transactions per day versus the mainnet’s 533 million. Thus, some scaling will still need to occur outside of the testnet, meaning Sonic’s performance numbers should be expected to depreciate. Nevertheless, Sonic appears to be on pace to create significant efficiency improvements for Fantom overall.Fantom has also conducted a closed testnet of Sonic, which has demonstrated a notable maximum theoretical throughput of approximately ~2,050 transactions per second (TPS) with a time to finality (TTF) of 1.1 seconds. Impressively, the composition of these transactions was diverse, with 10% comprising token transfers, ~65% involving ERC20 mints and transfers, and the remainder attributed to decentralized exchange (DEX) swaps.Sonic's testnet results provide a promising outlook for the scalability challenges that have long plagued blockchain technologies. By successfully handling a varied load of transactions, including the complex ERC20 mints and transfers, the platform demonstrates its capability to support numerous high-throughput use cases.Connect to the Sonic TestnetThe Sonic open testnet dashboard features a button to add the network to your preferred wallet automatically. We use MetaMask for this part of the tutorial, but any wallet that can mimic or inject as MetaMask should work.A) Connect walletGo to the Sonic open testnet dashboardIn the top-right corner, click ConnectChoose your desired wallet account and connectGo to the account page unless automatically redirectedB) Configure networkIn the Network section, click Add to MetaMaskEnsure the network details in your wallet match those on the web pageApprove the action in your wallet and click Switch

The Fantom blockchain. Lachesis is a form of aBFT consensus mechanism originally designed by Fantom, which combines the technologies of DAGs and BFTs. It's similar to a network that adopts Byzantine fault tolerance, where even if one-third of the nodes are malicious, the network can still be trusted to validate and produce blocks with the correct order and timing. It is ‘asynchronous’ in that nodes can process and transmit data at different times and is considered 'leaderless' as it eschews the concept of a privileged node in block production. A directed acyclic graph (DAG), the structural foundation of Fantom's technology, consists of nodes in a network with directional connections termed 'edges.' Unlike trees, another form of data structure in other blockchains, DAGs do not allow for closed loops and have directional connections. This structural choice has broad implications for data modeling on networks, extending beyond blockchain technology into diverse fields like epidemiology and computational scheduling.‍SourceBeyond simply the DAG architecture, Fantom distinguishes itself through its unique utilization of graphs and event blocks. Within Lachesis, each node maintains a locally stored DAG of 'event blocks' that chronicle transactions and their respective order. This structure allows each node to independently determine the transaction order, a departure from traditional blockchain models where nodes typically agree on a single transaction history. Validator nodes communicate about transactions, reaching consensus on the DAG's root to ensure a consistent event order network-wide. This fundamental difference in transaction processing underscores a potential for increased efficiency and scalability, critical factors in the evaluation of blockchain technologies.Contrasting with conventional blockchain models, Fantom's network does not maintain a mempool of pending transactions. This departure is rooted in the network's consensus on event blocks rather than singular, aggregated blocks. Nodes communicate about events and transactions, using new events as a voting mechanism for previous ones. The subdivision of DAGs into 'epochs' that are sealed upon reaching a block threshold further distinguishes this process. Finally, Fantom's use of Lamport timestamps for deterministic finality sets it apart from probabilistic finality models employed by blockchains like Bitcoin and Ethereum. This approach relies on the logical progression of directed edges in the graph, rather than physical time, to establish transaction finality.Fantom Opera ChainLaunched in 2019, Fantom's Opera Chain is structured around the Lachesis protocol (DAG)-based architecture. In this system, nodes within the Fantom network leverage its unique consensus model to generate a sequence of verified blocks. These blocks, known as event blocks, serve as data structures individually crafted by nodes. They are instrumental in disseminating information across the entire network, ensuring cohesive data sharing and storage. The Opera layer-1 smart contract platform is compatible with the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). Opera's compatibility facilitates the creation and migration

Per their own testnet data and expectations. The upgrade streamlines the entire transaction process, ensuring that each operation is executed with optimal resource usage, reducing bottlenecks and latency issues (primarily stemming from limitations inherent to the EVM) that have historically plagued blockchain L1s like Fantom in the past.‍SourceKey upgrades included with Fantom Sonic are the Fantom Virtual Machine (FVM), a new database storage solution called Carmen, and transaction pool optimizations. Together, these elements enable Fantom Sonic to scale the network efficiency without the reliance on more complicated technology integrations. Unlike many blockchain solutions that rely on sharding or layering to scale, Fantom Sonic achieves scalability while maintaining a single-layer, shard-free architecture. This approach simplifies the network structure, reducing potential points of failure and complexity.What Sonic Unlocks for the Fantom EcosystemOne of the most exciting prospects of the Fantom Sonic upgrade is its potential to enable a new generation of decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms, blockchain games, and high-frequency applications. The improved throughput capabilities and efficiency improvements open up Fantom to applications that demand higher throughput, low latency, and robust security.This can include applications like:DeFi Platforms: With the improved transaction speeds and efficiency, DeFi platforms on Fantom can operate more smoothly, handling complex financial transactions and smart contract executions faster than Opera. This opens the door to innovative trading platforms, lending markets, and prediction markets that operate in real-time. Blockchain Games: The gaming sector on blockchain has unique demands, such as the need for rapid transaction processing and the ability to handle large volumes of microtransactions. Fantom Sonic’s capabilities make it a more capable platform for blockchain gaming, potentially leading to richer, more interactive gaming experiences.Microtransactions: Micropayments offer several promising use cases, including content consumption (paying for individual articles or songs), digital goods and services (freelance work or in-app purchases), public sector services (pay-per-use for public Wi-Fi or transport), and decentralized applications (micro-transactions in games or data monetization). Internet of Things (IoT): Sonic’s high throughput can enable the secure and reliable exchange of data between countless devices. Imagine hundreds of thousands of sensors generating data in real time, seamlessly feeding information to decentralized applications for analysis and automation. Technology Stack Fantom Virtual Machine (FVM)The Fantom Virtual Machine (FVM) is a key component of the Sonic upgrade, facilitating elevated efficiency, performance, and compatibility with the wider DeFi ecosystem and existing EVM products. At its core, the FVM is engineered to enhance the speed at which smart contracts are executed substantially. What sets the FVM apart from other virtual machine iterations is its ability to seamlessly convert the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) bytecode into a new, more efficient format. This conversion process is pivotal, ensuring that existing smart contracts, originally designed for the EVM,